24 July 2023
In the ideal ‘sound money system’, a range of currencies, both state-issued and privately issued, would compete in a transparent global marketplace. But most importantly, a key role would be played by currencies backed by tangible assets, like gold.
Currencies are fundamentally a reflection of the issuing nation’s economy and institutions. The currencies backed by solid and diverse economies are stronger, but the constant manipulation by governments and central banks can lead to debasement that disproportionately favors the wealthy.
Gold-backed currencies present a potential solution to this problem. Unlike fiat money, which is subject to inflation and financial repression, gold retains its intrinsic value and isn’t as easily manipulated by central authorities. For a gold-backed currency to work, however, it must be convertible to gold, otherwise, it falls prey to the same manipulations as fiat currencies.
A currency crisis often sees the wealthy moving assets overseas, only to return and buy assets cheaply after devaluation. With a currency backed by gold, this could be mitigated, as gold tends to hold value better during financial crises.
Despite these benefits, using gold as currency presents its own challenges, including maintaining balance in trade. Mercantilist nations, for instance, tend to keep their currencies weak to stimulate exports, but this isn’t beneficial for countries holding that currency.
The bottom line is, the sound money system should foster competition among a variety of currencies, but gold-backed ones could play a central role. They represent an objective store of value that could foster trust and stability in a global market, provided they are managed transparently and responsibly.